Who Doth Dare Enter Ye Olde Optigan Archives???
[you may wish to download adobe acrobat reader if you wish to view any of the .pdf files listed on this page.]

Collected on this page you'll find a variety of documents and pictures related to the Optigan. This stuff is mostly for the hardcore fan who just ain't satisfied until they get the WHOLE story. I'll be adding more items to this page as I get around to them (believe me- there's LOTS of stuff to add!) so let me know which kinds of things you'd like to see more of here and I'll try to accomodate.

Photo Essay: How To Make An Optigan Disc When Miner Industries (Opsonar) began to start running into legal troubles of all sorts, there came a point when they decided to try to consolidate their businesses as much as possible, and this plan included moving the disc-making works from the West Coast back to the East Coast. Mike, however, refused to leave California, and Miner responded by simply saying "Well, we'll ship the equipment out here, pay you to set it up and show us how to use it, and then we'll go our separate ways." Mike Ledoux knew that all of this was MUCH easier said than done, because by then he had developed Optigan-disc-making to an art, and realistically he was the only guy suitable for the job. However, at the insistence of the Miner brass, he put together a photo essay on the step-by-step process of creating an Optigan disc and took it to the East Coast to show them exactly what they were in for. This is an html version of that photo essay, complete with the original verbatim comments that Mike made in the margins.

As it turned out, Miner's problems only got worse, and they shut down completely before any further attempt to ship the equipment was made. They still owned the disc-making equipment, though, and Mike worked out a deal with them where he would personally store the equipment in his garage for a monthly rate until the Miner brass deemed it feasible to reclaim the equipment and liquidate it. Of course, Miner never actually came through on their end of this deal, and to this day Mike still has much of the equipment, for which Miner technically owes him about $20,000 for 25 years of storage fees!

Optigan Patents

When Miner made their public warning to Chilton in the NAMM daily about probable patent violations concerning the Optigan vs the Talentmaker, they cited several patents which they legally owned. These are most likely not ALL the patents, but probably the ones they felt were most pertinent to their case at the time. I sent away for these patents, and have converted them to .pdf format for your downloading pleasure.

These patents offer several striking revelations. The first is an absolute confirmation of something that Mike had mentioned to me: that Mattel bought up all of Harry Chamberlin's patents for the Chamberlin, presumably in order to avoid legal hassles and also to cut out potential competition. Of course, they never actually DID anything with these patents, and never utilized any of Harry's designs, but they owned them and controlled them nonetheless.

Also, a very interesting patent appears here from 1965, which may or may not have had a direct impact on the design concept of the Optigan. It's for an instrument called the "Photoelectric Organ," invented by Harold F. Rieth and patented by Packard Bell. Essentially it works just like an Optigan, except that instead of spinning interchangeable discs, it spins a permanently mounted cylinder which contained several different kinds of sounds placed side by side. The idea was that you could slide a lever to select a new sound, and the light detector would simply shift over relative to the cylinder and read a new set of tracks. I can only presume that this instrument never got past the prototype phase. The real mystery is whether or not this patent was the actual source of the "optical rings of soundtrack" concept. Mike tells me that the earliest design for the Optigan featured an Edison-Cylinder type medium and a keyboard which lowered needles onto the grooves. But he wasn't actually working for Optigan at that stage, and does not know exactly how the switch was made to the optical format. In any event, Mattel apparently bought the Rieth patent too, to cover themselves legally.

The rest of the patents, of course, deal with the Optigan itself. It's interesting to note the different kinds of disc drive mechanisms, etc, that were invented and considered. There are even patents for a velocity-sensitive keyboard and a disc-based tremolo effect. Apart from their wealth of technical info, the patents also supply us with the names of the folks who invented Optigan's various components. I've had some luck in contacting some of these people, and information about them may be found on the Optigan Employees page.

Optigan

3657459 Musical Instrument With Variable Amplitude

3657460 Organ Keyboard Switching System

3720415 Disc Drive

3724860 Optical Disc Drive For Organ

D224444 Keyboard For Musical Instrument Or The Like

D224270 Cabinet For Keyboard Instrument Or The Like

3694660 Radiation Sensitive Readout Head With Circuit Board Construction

3647927 Electronic Organ Wherein Musical Sounds And A Tremolo Effect Are Provided By Electro-Optical Apparatus

Chamberlin

3272907 Electrical Musical Instrument Having Pre-Recorded Tape For Tone Generation

3567840 Tape Drive Mechanism For Electrical Musical Instruments

2910298 Sound Reproducing System

3278188 Multi-Tape Reproducer With Single Pickup Head

3250847 Musical Instrument With Record Type Tone Generator

2940351 Magnetic Tape Sound Reproducing Musical Instrument
Packard Bell

3250844 Photoelectric Organ

Prototype Optigans from a Parallel Universe!!!
When Miner industries acquired the Optigan, one of the first things they started to do was to try to improve it, both technically and cosmetically. While their efforts in technical improvement largely led to the development of the Orchestron, their attempts at re-designing the Optigan cabinet had somewhat less impact. Here's a small photo gallery of shots from the 1974 Consumer Electronics Show in Chicago. I, personally, would KILL to own that "Grand Piano Lounge Bar" Optigan!

[click on one of the images to see a larger version]

The Optigan Master Reels
Here is a Microsoft Word .doc of the index I made when I transferred the Optigan Master Reels to DAT. By studying this index you can get an idea of the scope of the tapes, and the nature of the material that never actually made it onto Optigan discs. Also, I've put together a little audio collage of some random moments from the master reels. Keep in mind that I didn't put much thought into choosing these excerpts, and the result does not necessarily reflect the character of the tapes as a whole. This mp3 is only about 5 minutes long, whereas the tapes themselves comprise nearly 40 hours!! What you'll hear is the click track in one channel and the music in the other channel. If you need an mp3 player, go here for PC and here for Mac.
Random Mike LeDoux Documents
Here's a few items from Mike LeDoux's files that I thought some of you might be interested in reading. There's a couple of technical articles Mike wrote proposing some design change issues, and also a scan of a flowchart (in .pdf format) he worked out which illustrated the timeline of the entire process of making an Optigan disc, from concept to completion. Oh yeah and then there's that telephone memo! Mike DID NOT write that one, but it's included here for comic relief.

Circular Photo-Electric Sound Track Joint Closure

Improved Disc Mastering System

Optigan Disc Production Flow Chart

Inter-office Memo: New Telephone System #2